Python for Beginners
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Python for Beginners – Friendly Step-by-Step Guide

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By: Sajid A. Rabby
🗓️ Nov 17, 2025 • 0 words

📘 Who Is This Python Guide For?

This guide is for you if:

The goal is simple: By the end of this blog, you should understand Python basics enough to write small programs on your own.

1️⃣ What Is Python and Why Is It So Popular?

Python is a high-level, general-purpose programming language. That means you can use it for many types of projects:

Python is loved because:

If you’re confused between many languages (C, Java, JS, etc.), Python is one of the best starting points. You’ll learn the core logic of programming here, which transfers to other languages later.

2️⃣ How Does Python Run? (Interpreter vs Script)

Python is an interpreted language. That means:

You usually work with Python in three ways:

  1. Interactive shell: type python and run commands one by one.
  2. Script file: write code in .py file and execute it.
  3. IDE/Editor: VS Code, PyCharm, etc., with debugging and extensions.

3️⃣ Step 1 – Installing Python

The exact steps depend on your OS, but the high-level flow is similar.

🔹 On Windows

🔹 On macOS

🔹 On Linux

4️⃣ Step 2 – Your First Python Program

Let’s print the classic “Hello, World!”.

  1. Create a file named hello.py.
  2. Add this line:
    print("Hello, World!")
  3. Open your terminal / CMD in that folder and run:
    python hello.py
    or
    python3 hello.py

You should see:

Hello, World!
Note: If it doesn’t work, check that:
  • Python is properly installed and added to PATH.
  • You’re in the correct folder where hello.py is located.

5️⃣ Variables & Basic Data Types

In Python, a variable is just a name that stores a value.

x = 10          # integer
price = 19.99   # float
name = "Rabby"  # string
is_active = True  # boolean

Common Data Types

Basic Operations

a = 5
b = 2

print(a + b)   # 7
print(a - b)   # 3
print(a * b)   # 10
print(a / b)   # 2.5
print(a // b)  # 2  (integer division)
print(a % b)   # 1  (remainder)

6️⃣ Input and Output

To take input from the user, use input(). It always returns a string, so convert if needed.

name = input("Enter your name: ")
print("Hello,", name)

For numeric input:

age = int(input("Enter your age: "))
print("You will be", age + 1, "next year.")

7️⃣ Conditions – if / elif / else

Conditional statements let your program make decisions.

age = int(input("Enter your age: "))

if age < 18:
    print("You are a minor.")
elif age < 60:
    print("You are an adult.")
else:
    print("You are a senior.")
Notice the indentation (spaces before print). In Python, indentation is not just style – it defines code blocks. Use 4 spaces per level (or configure your editor to do it automatically).

8️⃣ Loops – for and while

🔹 for loop

Used to iterate over a sequence (range, list, string, etc.).

for i in range(1, 6):
    print("Number:", i)

🔹 while loop

Runs as long as a condition is True.

count = 1
while count <= 5:
    print("Count:", count)
    count += 1

9️⃣ Lists & Dictionaries (Very Important)

🔹 Lists

A list is an ordered collection of items.

fruits = ["apple", "banana", "orange"]

print(fruits[0])        # apple
fruits.append("mango")  # add item
print(fruits)

🔹 Dictionaries

A dictionary stores data as key–value pairs.

user = {
    "name": "Sajid",
    "role": "IT Support",
    "active": True
}

print(user["name"])
print(user.get("role"))

🔟 Functions – Reusable Blocks of Code

A function lets you group logic and call it whenever needed.

def greet(name):
    print("Hello,", name, "- welcome to Python!")

greet("Rabby")
greet("Fahad")

You can also return values:

def add(a, b):
    return a + b

result = add(10, 5)
print("Result:", result)

1️⃣1️⃣ Modules & pip (Installing Packages)

Python has a huge ecosystem of reusable packages.

pip install requests

Then use in your script:

import requests

response = requests.get("https://api.github.com")
print(response.status_code)

1️⃣2️⃣ Mini Practice Ideas (Daily Routine)

To really learn Python, you must type code yourself. Try this small routine:

✅ Final Thoughts – Where to Go Next

Python is a great first language, but this is just step one. From here, you can:

Don’t rush. Pick a small project that solves a real problem for you (e.g., renaming files, parsing a CSV, simple report) and build it in Python. That’s how you move from “watching tutorials” to actually being a Python developer.

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